헷갈리는건 그냥 장난삼아...ㅋㅋ
for 를 사용한겁니다.
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
  #define n 9//갯수
  #define k(x,y) {a[y][x]=t++;Canvas->TextOut(x*20,y*20,AnsiString(a[y][x]));}
  #define f(a) for(a=i;a<n-1-i;a++)k(x,y);
  #define e(a) for(a=n-1-i;a>i;a--)k(x,y);
  int a[n][n];int x=0,y=0,i=0,t=0;
  for(;i<n/2;i++){x=y=i;f(x)f(y)e(x)e(y)}if(n%2)k(n/2,n/2)
}

위에꺼 디파인 풀어 논거입니다.^^
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
  #define n 9//갯수
  int a[n][n];
  int x=0,y=0,i,t=0;

  for(i=0;i<n/2;i++){
    x=y=i;
    for(x=i;x<n-1-i;x++){
      a[y][x]=t++;
      Canvas->TextOut(x*30,y*30,AnsiString(a[y][x]));
    }
    for(y=i;y<n-1-i;y++){
      a[y][x]=t++;
      Canvas->TextOut(x*30,y*30,AnsiString(a[y][x]));
    }
    for(x=n-1-i;x>i;x--){
      a[y][x]=t++;
      Canvas->TextOut(x*30,y*30,AnsiString(a[y][x]));
    }
    for(y=n-1-i;y>i;y--){
      a[y][x]=t++;
      Canvas->TextOut(x*30,y*30,AnsiString(a[y][x]));
    }
  }
  if(n%2){
    a[n/2][n/2]=t++;
    Canvas->TextOut(n/2*30,n/2*30,AnsiString(a[n/2][n/2]));
  }
}